이 카테고리는 경영학부 전자금융의 이해 수업을 듣고 정리한 내용을 바탕으로 글을 작성하였습니다.
Financial Innovation and Inclusion
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Financial inclusion - the availability and equality of opportunities to access financial services
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Financial inclusion 관련 사례 - M-Pesa (Kenya), bKash (Bangladesh)
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M-Pesa (모바일 폰 자금이체서비스) → (M-pesa의 특징과 Kenya’s의 영향)
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요약) 은행 서비스 없이 예금, 송금, 출금을 할 수 있도록 서비스를 제공하였다 ⇒ 현금의 필요성이 줄어들었다.
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a mobile phone-based money transfer service, payments and micro financing service, launched in 2007 by Vodafone and Safaricom
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It allows users to “deposit, send, and withdraw funds using their mobile phones” without the need for a bank account.
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At least 40% of Kenya’s GDP is transmitted via M-Pesa (2019).
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The advent of ubiquitous digital payments has dramatically reduced the need for Kenyans to use cash to conduct day-to-day transactions.
- It enables residents in cities to cheaply send money back home to rural areas, saving them the risk of cash getting lost in transit.
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MIT study shows that M-Pesa is responsible for lifting 2% of Kenyan households out of poverty (2016).
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bKash (Bangladesh)
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mobile money service launched in 2011 that now serves more than 24 million individuals (2018)
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Users can deposit money into their mobile accounts and then access a range of services.
- transferring and receiving money domestically, making payments.
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Fintech as a Driver of Financial Inclusion
Reductions in the cost of cross-border transfers have also had an important impact on inclusion.
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Remittance payments in emerging economies frequently face high fees, particularly to destinations in Africa.
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WorldRemit and Azimo
- It reduces cross-border remittance costs in developing regions. ⇒ 국가간 송금 서비스를 나누고 용이하게 함으로써, 개발도상국에 대해서 금융서비스의 기회를 확대하였다.
Reference
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- The Impact of Fintech, AI, and Crypto on Financial Services, Henry Arslanian and Fabrice Fischer, 2019, Springer